On the basis of historical data and field studies conducted in 2003 and 2005, the bryopyte flora of Volzhsko-Kamskiy Nature Reserve presently includes 162 mosses, 44 liverworts, and 1 hornwort. Twenty doubtful records of previous authors are excluded. Raifa, one of two territories of the reserve, is known for its old-growth spruce forests and as the SW limit of Abies sibirica in Europe. This territory has relatively complete historical data on hepatics from the 1880s and mosses since the 1920s. A comparison of the bryoflora found in our recent study with that documented earlier reveals changes in the bryoflora, particularly in representation of certain species. The maximal decreases are in epixylic species, associated with spruce and fir forests, and also in mire species. At the same time a relatively eutrophic epigeic forest species seems increase their abundance.