The complex Sphagnum imbricatum in Russia is revised basing on the narrow species concept suggested by K.I. Flatberg. According to this approach, S. austinii and S. affine occur only in European Russia, S. steerei is mainly arctic species, distributed from West Siberian Arctic to Yakutia and Chukotka, and S. imbricatum s.str. is presently known in the southern part of Russian Far East, northern part of  Transbaikalia, South Yakutia and along the Lena River up to 67°N. Species descriptions and illustrations are provided and distribution in Russia is mapped.